What is Fallopian Tube Recanalization?

Fallopian tube recanalization is a common treatment for proximal fallopian tube occlusion, caused by the accumulation of mucus or debris forming a plug in the proximal portion of the tube. This may happen in both tubes or simply in one of the two fallopian tubes. In fact, the American Society for Reproductive Medicine has recommended that patients who have proximal tubal obstruction undergo this procedure prior to any other more invasive procedures. It should be performed at approximately day six to eleven of the menstrual cycle which is after the cessation of menses and before ovulation.

How is Fallopian Tube Recanalization Performed?

The Fallopian tube recanalization procedure begins with a standard hysterosalpingogram. A speculum is inserted into the vagina to see the cervix. The cervix is then prepped sterilely and a catheter is passed into the cervix to the Fallopian tube. If the Fallopian tube is occluded a small guidewire is advanced through the tube to open it up. Contrast is then injected to demonstrate spillage into the peritoneal cavity. This is all done with no incisions and small catheters are used. From the patient perspective this is similar to a hysterosalpingogram although moderate sedation is often used. Because of the use of sedation, all patients are asked not to eat beginning at midnight the night before the day of the procedure. The procedure usually lasts approximately 30 minutes and patients may stay approximately 2-4 hours after the procedure prior to going home.

Post Procedure & Follow Up

If patency can be restored during the procedure which occurs in approximately 65-90 percent of cases reported conception rates in the literature are approximately 33 percent. A small proportion of the patients re-occlude their Fallopian tubes and require a repeat procedure about 8 months to 1 year later. Serious Fallopian tube recanalization complications are extremely rare, although mild bleeding and fallopian tube perforation can occur. Infections and contrast reactions can occur as well but again are very rare. Sometimes after Fallopian recanalization there is slight increased risk of an ectopic pregnancy.